S.Aishwariya aganira ku gusimbuka kwa tekiniki, udushya duheruka no kwagura isoko ryabo mu rwego rw'imyambarire n'imyambarire.
Urugendo rwa fibre yimyenda
1.. Fibre-igisekuru cya mbere fibre nicyo cyatanzwe na kamere kandi ko ibihe byamaze imyaka 4000. Igisekuru cya kabiri cyari kigizwe na fibre zakozwe n'abantu nka Nylon na Polyester, byatewe n'imbaraga zafashwe n'abahanga mu 1950, kugira ngo bihindure hamwe n'ibikoresho bisa na fibre karemano. Igisekuru cya gatatu kirimo fibre kumitungo isanzwe ikoreshwa kugirango yujuje ibyifuzo byabaturage bahiga. Ibi ntabwo ari ubundi buryo gusa cyangwa kongerera inyuma fibre karemano, ariko biteganijwe ko ziranga ibintu bitandukanye bishobora gufasha mu turere dutandukanye. Nkibisubizo byihuta munganda zimyenda, umurenge wa tekiniki ukura mubukungu bwateye imbere hamwe nibisabwa muburyo butandukanye
2. Mu gihe cy'inganda kuva 1775 kugeza 1850, gukuramo fibre karemano no gutanga umusaruro kwayo. Igihe kiri hagati ya 1870 na 1980 cyaranze icyorezo cya fibre ya firntheme irangiye ijambo 'imyenda ya tekiniki' ryahujwe. Nyuma yimyaka icumi, udushya, harimo ibikoresho byoroshye, imiterere yuburemere bukabije, 3D bubling, byahindutse mumurima wimyenda yubwenge. Ikinyejana cya makumyabiri kizihiza ibihe amakuru aho imyanya y'ikibanza, robo, kwisukura imyenda, umwanya wa chameleonike, imyenda ya chameleonike, imyenda ikurikirana, yakurikiranyweho umubiri.
3. Polymetike polymeti ifite amahirwe menshi kandi imikorere myinshi ishobora kugabanya fibre karemano. Kurugero, bio-polymers ikomoka mubigori yakoreshejwe cyane mugukora fibre nyinshi ifite imikorere isumba byose hamwe nibisabwa muri biodegradable no kubyutsa impapuro. Ubuhanga nkubu buryo bwateye imbere bwatumye fibre ishobora gushonga mumazi, bityo bikagabanya guta insupes. Amadupa afunzwe yateguwe kugirango aba bafite 100% bio-bitesha agaciro ibintu bisanzwe muri bo. Izi masezerano yazamuye neza ubuzima.
Ubushakashatsi bugezweho
Imyenda isanzwe iboherwa cyangwa iboshye ibikoresho bye bishingiye kubisubizo byibizamini. Ibinyuranye, imyambarire ya tekiniki itejwe imbere ukurikije ibyifuzo byabakoresha. Porogaramu zabo zirimo koherezwa mu kirere, impyiko n'umutima wa ibihimbano, imyambaro yo kwica imiti ishingiye ku bahinzi, imifuka yo gukumira imbuto ziribwa n'inyoni n'ibikoresho bipakira amazi meza.
Amashami atandukanye yimyenda ya tekiniki harimo imyenda, gupakira, siporo n'imyidagaduro, ubwikorezi, mu nganda, umutekano, kubaka no kubaka, amasaderi na agro-yimyenda.
Kugereranya ibijyanye no kunywa hamwe nisi yose, Ubuhinde bufite uruhare runini muri 35 ku ijana mumyenda yimikorere ninkweto (clottech), na 8% mumikino ya siporo (siporo). IBIBAZO BYINSHI MU BANYARWANDA 36%. Ariko ku isi yose urwego ruyobowe ni imyenda yakoreshejwe mukubaka imodoka, gari ya moshi, indege hamwe nimpapuro 25 ku ijana ku ijana, hamwe nizindi mirima yose igizwe 44 ku ijana. Ibicuruzwa bishobora kuzamura inganda zirimo urusaku rw'icyicaro, impapuro n'impanda, imyenda yo gukingirwa umuriro, imyenda ikingira imizi, ibikandagura, imigezi.
Imbaraga zikomeye zubuhinde ni umuyoboro munini wumutungo n'isoko rikomeye ryo murugo. Inganda zubuhinde Inganda zubuhinde zabyutse kubushobozi bukomeye bwa tekiniki nibidabonwa. Inkunga ikomeye ya guverinoma binyuze muri politiki, gutangiza amategeko akwiye no guteza imbere ibigeragezo bikwiye birashobora kugira ingaruka nziza kuri iyi nganda. Icyifuzo cyambere cyisaha nukubwa abakozi bahuguwe benshi. Hagomba kubaho umugambi mwinshi wo guhugura abakozi no gutangira ibigo byikuramo ku bushakashatsi bwa laborale.
Umusanzu ukomeye wamashyirahamwe yubushakashatsi mugihugu urashimirwa cyane. Harimo imyitozo yubushakashatsi bwa Ahmedabad (atira), Ishyirahamwe ry'ubushakashatsi bwa Bombay (BTRA), Ubuhinde bw'Amajyaruguru y'Ubuhinde. Imirongo itatu itatu ihuriweho n'imyororokere, irimo batanu i Tamil Nadu, Bane i Andhra Pradesh, batanu i Rajastha, naho rimwe muri Rajashan, kandi rimwe muri Gajatra, na Batandatu i Garera
Geo-imyenda
Imyenda yakoreshejwe mu gupfuka isi cyangwa hasi yashyizwe mubyiciro nka genotexte. Imyenda nkiyi ikoreshwa muri iki gihe yo kubaka amazu, ibiraro, ingomero ninzibutso byongera ubuzima bwabo. [6]
Imyenda ikonje
Imyenda ya tekinike yakozwe na Adidas ubufasha mugukomeza ubushyuhe bwumubiri muri dogere 37 C. Ingero ni ibirango nka Clima 365, ClimaProof, ClimaProof ikora iyi ntego. Elextex igizwe nubutare bwibice bitanu byo kuyobora no kwikuramo imyenda ikora imyitozo yose ya feri (cm2 cyangwa 1 mm2). Byemejwe na Biro yubucuruzi bwabahinde (Bis) kandi irashobora kudoda, ikubye kandi yogejwe. Ibi bifite urugero runini mumyenda ya siporo.
Biomimetics
Biomimetics nigishushanyo cyibikoresho bishya bya fibre, sisitemu cyangwa imashini binyuze mubushakashatsi bwa sisitemu yo kubaho, kugirango wigire muburyo bwabo bwimikorere no gukoresha ibishushanyo mbonera nibikoresho bya molecular nibikoresho. Kurugero, kwigana uburyo Lotusbabi yitwara nibitonyanga byamazi; Ubuso ni microscopique ikaze kandi itwikiriwe nicyasha ibishashara nkibintu bifite impagarara zo hasi.
Iyo amazi aguye hejuru yikibabi, umwuka wafashwe umwuka ukora imipaka n'amazi. Inguni yamazi yamazi ni manini kubera ibishashara nkibintu. Ariko, ibindi bintu nkuburyo bwo hejuru nabyo bigira ingaruka kubitsa. Ibipimo byo kwihatira amazi nuko inguni yo kuzunguruka igomba kuba munsi yimpamyabumenyi 10. Iki gitekerezo cyafashwe kandi gisubirwamo nkumwenda. Ibikoresho bishobora kugabanya imbaraga muri siporo nko koga.
Vivototrics
Amashanyarazi yinjiye mumyenda arashobora gusoma imiterere yumubiri nkumuvuduko wumutima, umuvuduko wamaraso, karori yatwitse, lative, intambwe ya ogisijeni. Iki nigitekerezo kiri inyuma ya vivototrics, nanone rwitwa imyenda ikurikirana umubiri (BMG). Irashobora kurokora ubuzima bwabavutse cyangwa umukinnyi wa siporo.
Ubuzima bwirango bwatsinze isoko hamwe nu mugaragaro yagenzuwe neza. Irakora nka ambulaile yimyenda mugusesengura no guhindura ubufasha. Umubare munini wamakuru yumutima wakusanyirijwe mubikorwa byimitima, igihagararo, inyandiko zikorwa hamwe numuvuduko wamaraso, urwego rwa ogisijeni na karubone, ubushyuhe bwumubiri ningendo. Ikora nk'inzira nini mu rwego rwa siporo n'imyenda y'ubuvuzi.
Imyenda ya Camouflage
Ubuso-Guhindura Amabara ya Chameleon aragaragara kandi akicwa mubikoresho byimyenda. Imyenda y'imyandikire ikemura ibibazo by'abantu n'abantu mu kwigana ibidukikije byatangijwe mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose. Ubu buhanga bukoresha fibre bufasha mu kuvanga inyuma, ikintu gishobora kwerekana amateka nkindorerwamo kandi nanone ukomere nka karubone.
Iyi fibre ikoreshwa hamwe nipamba na polyester kugirango ireme imyenda ya kato. Mu ntangiriro pitters ebyiri zirimo ibara nicyitegererezo zagenewe isura yishyamba ryinshi rifite igicucu cyicyatsi nijimye. Ariko ubu, itandukaniro ririndwi ryakozwe muburyo bwiza nuburiganya. Harimo intera, kwimuka, hejuru, imiterere, kumurika, silhouette nigicucu. Ibipimo ni ngombwa mukubona umuntu kuva kure. Isuzuma rya Camouflage Imyenda iragoye kuko itandukanye nizuba, ubushuhe nigihe. Abantu rero bafite ubuhumyi bwamabara bakoreshwa kugirango bamenye amazi meza. Isesengura rifatika, isesengura ryinshi hamwe nubufasha bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bifatwa kugirango bigerageze ibikoresho.
Imyenda yo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge
Iterambere munganda zubuzima ubu rihuza imyambarire nubuvuzi.
Ibikoresho by'imyenda birashobora gukoreshwa mu rwego rwo kuzamura imikorere y'ibiyobyabwenge utanga uburyo bwo gusohora ibiyobyabwenge ku gihe kirekire kandi mu gutanga ibiyobyabwenge byinshi mu biyobyabwenge nta ngaruka zikomeye. Kurugero, Ortho Evra Porogaramu yo kuboneza urubyaro kubagore ni cm 20 z'uburebure, igizwe nibice bitatu kandi byemejwe nubuyobozi bwibiyobyabwenge muri Amerika.
Gukoresha gaze cyangwa plasma kurangiza
Icyerekezo cyatangiye mu 1960, igihe Plasma yakoreshwaga mu guhindura imyenda. Nicyiciro cyibintu bitandukanye cyane na sordims, amazi na gaze kandi bitabogamye mumashanyarazi. Aba ni ihanga rya ionised igizwe na electron, ion hamwe nibice bitabogamiye. Plasma ya gaze ya iosuide igice yakozwe mubinyabuzima bitabogamye nka atome yishimye, imiti yubusa, ibice bihamye hamwe na amoko yishyurwa (electron na ions). Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa plasma: igitutu gishingiye kucyuho n'umwuka. Ubuso bwimyenda ikorerwa ibisasu bya electron, byabyaye mumashanyarazi ya plasma. Electron yakubise hejuru no kugabana imbaraga nicyiciro kandi ibi biganisha ku munyururu murwego rwo hejuru rwubuso bwimyenda, gukora imiyoboro yo guhuza ibintu.
Ubuvuzi bwa Plasma buganisha ku kundiha cyangwa ingaruka zogusukura hejuru yigitambara. Ething yongera umubare wibice byo hejuru bitera imbaraga nziza zo gutora. Plasma igira ingaruka ku ntego kandi irasobanutse neza muri kamere. Irashobora gukoreshwa mumyenda yubudodo zitera impinduka mumitungo yumubiri. Amide nka Kevlar, itakaza imbaraga mugihe itose, irashobora kuvurwa neza na plasma kuruta muburyo busanzwe. Umuntu arashobora kandi gutanga umutungo utandukanye kuri buri ruhande rwambaye imyenda. Uruhande rumwe rushobora kuba hydrophobic naho indi hydrophilic. Gufata Plasma bikora kuri fibre na fibre na kamere bifite intsinzi yihariye muri anti-felting kandi igabanuka kubera ubwoya.
Bitandukanye no gutunganya imiti gakondo bisaba intambwe nyinshi zo gusaba irangiye, Plasma yemerera gusaba byinshi birangira intambwe imwe kandi muburyo buhoraho. Woolmark yateshaye tekinoroji yo kumva (SPT) yongeraho impumuro. Urwego rwa Amerika Nanohorizons 'SmartSsilver ni tekinoroji ya none mugutanga kurwanya odor na microbial kurinda muri fibre nibitambara. Umutima wo gutera umutima muburengerazuba urimo gukonjeshwa mumahema yinkumire mugihe cyo gukora kugirango ugabanye ibyago byo guhagarika ibyago byo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwumubiri. Bande Nshya yateguwe ukoresheje fibrin ya plabma plabrin. Kubera ko bikozwe mu maraso y'abantu clot, igitambaro ntigikwiye kuvaho. Ishonga kuruhu mugihe cyo gukiza.15
Ihangane ryumva Ikoranabuhanga (SPT)
Ikoranabuhanga rifata impumuro, essence nizindi ngaruka muri micro-capsules zishyizwe kumyenda. Iyi micro-capsules ni kontineri ntoya ifite polymer yo kurinda cyangwa melamine shell irinda ibikubiye mu guhumeka, okiside no kwanduza. Iyo iyi myenda ikoreshwa, zimwe muribi capsules zifunguye, zirekura ibiyirimo.
MicroenCaplatilation
Nuburyo bworoshye bugizwe nibintu bitandukanye cyangwa bikomeye muburyo bwa mikoro yashizweho (0.5-2000). Izi microkapsules zikuramo buhoro buhoro abakozi bakora cyane muburyo bworoshye bwo guswera busbing membrane. Ibi bikoreshwa muri deodorants, amavuta, dyes, ibiryo bya feri na flame redardants.
Imyenda ya elegitoroniki
Amashanyarazi yandura nkayi jacketi ya ICD yaturutse kuri Filime na Levi, hamwe na terefone yubatswe muri terefone ngendanwa na MP3, ikora kuri bateri. Imyenda yashyizwemo ikoranabuhanga ntabwo ari shyashya, ariko iterambere ryimyenda yubwenge rituma birushaho kuba ibintu bifatika, byifuzwa kandi bifatika mubikorwa. Insinga zidoda mu mwenda kugirango uhuze ibikoresho byo kugenzura kure na mikoro yinjijwe muri colla. Abandi bakora benshi nyuma baza bafite imyenda yubwenge zihisha insinga zose.
Ishati ndende hari ikindi kindi gishimishije cyane guhanga udushya. Iki gitekerezo cya e-yimyenda gikora muburyo iyo umuntu yiyobe t-shati yaka. Byaranzwe nkimwe mubintu bishimishije mu 2006. Itanga uwambaye kumva ko ahobera.
Iyo guhobera byoherejwe nkubutumwa cyangwa unyuze muri Bluetooth, sensor ubitwara mugukora ubushyuhe, umutima wakubiswe, igitutu, igihe cyo guhoberana numuntu mubyukuri. Iyi shati nayo nayo ishobora gutuma iruta kurushaho kwirengagiza. Ikindi gihangano, Elextex igizwe nubutare bwibice bitanu byo kuyobora no kwikuramo imyenda ikora imyitozo yose ya feri (cm2 cyangwa 1 mm2). Irashobora kudoda, ikubye kandi yogejwe.19-24 Aba bose badufasha kumva uburyo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki n'imyambarire bishobora guhuzwa no kuzamura imibereho.
Iyi ngingo ntabwo yahinduwe nabakozi ba Xian Trakozwe na HTTSPS//www.technicalTurile.net/article-tech-itextile-Intara-835
Igihe cya nyuma: Jul-11-2022